Scalars Overview

Scalar types for database columns with chainable modifiers

Scalar Types

Scalar	TypeScript	Use for
`s.string()`	`string`	Text, IDs, emails
`s.int()`	`number`	Whole numbers, counts
`s.number()`	`number`	Approximate decimals
`s.decimal({ precision, scale })`	`Decimal`	Exact fixed decimals, money
`s.bigInt()`	`bigint`	Integers beyond `2^53`
`s.boolean()`	`boolean`	Flags
`s.dateTime()`	`Date`	Timestamps
`s.date()`	`Date`	Calendar dates (no time)
`s.time()`	`string`	Time of day (no date)
`s.json()`	`unknown` (or inferred via `.schema()`)	Structured data
`s.blob()`	`Uint8Array`	Binary data
`s.enum([...])`	Union of the values	Fixed value sets
`s.vector()`	`number[]`	Embeddings (PostgreSQL pgvector)

An s.point() scalar also exists but is experimental and not documented yet.

Database column types for each scalar — defaults and per-database overrides — live on Native Types.

Modifier Reference

Every modifier returns a new scalar instance, so they chain:

s.string()
  .nullable()          // string | null
  .unique()            // Unique constraint
  .default("hello")    // Static default; .default(() => ...) for runtime defaults
  .map("column_name"); // Custom database column name

Method	Effect	Type impact
`.nullable()`	Allow NULL	`T \| null`
`.array()`	Array column (native on PG, JSON on MySQL/SQLite)	`T[]`
`.id()`	Primary key	—
`.unique()`	Unique constraint	—
`.default(v)` / `.default(() => v)`	Default value	Optional in create
`.schema(s)`	Extra Standard Schema validation	May narrow `T`
`.map(name)`	Custom column name	—

Support Matrix

Not every modifier exists on every scalar:

Scalar	`.id()`	`.unique()`	`.array()`	`.schema()`	Scalar-specific methods
`string`	✓	✓	✓	✓	`.uuid()` `.ulid()` `.nanoid()` `.cuid()`
`int`	✓	✓	✓	✓	`.increment()`
`number`	✓	✓	✓	✓	—
`decimal`	✓ scalar only	✓ scalar only	✓	✓	required `{ precision, scale }`
`bigInt`	✓	✓	✓	✓	`.increment()`
`boolean`	—	—	✓	—	—
`dateTime`	✓	✓	✓	✓	`.now()` `.updatedAt()` `.withoutTimezone()`
`date`	✓	✓	✓	✓	`.now()` `.updatedAt()`
`time`	✓	✓	✓	✓	`.now()` `.updatedAt()` `.withoutTimezone()`
`json`	—	—	—	✓	—
`blob`	—	—	—	—	—
`enum`	—	—	✓	—	`.name()`
`vector`	—	—	—	—	`.dimension()`

.nullable(), .default(), and .map() are available on every scalar. The scalar pages below only document their scalar-specific methods.

A fixed-decimal list cannot be an ID, unique field, index member, compound-key member, foreign-key member, or relation identity member. Its scalar form can use key positions normally.

Pages

String

Number

Decimal

Boolean

DateTime

BigInt

JSON

Blob

Enum

Vector